In 1867, Frederick A. P. Barnard, a mathematician and the president of Columbia University in New York, served as a judge at the Exposition universelle, a world’s fair held in Paris. There he saw a ...

This compact cylindrical handheld calculating machine has black metal sides and a plastic top and operating handle. Eight slots along the side of the cylinder hold levers that are pulled down to set ...

THE rapid development of large-scale, high-speed calculating machines which has taken place in the United States in recent years is still not fully appreciated in Great Britain. These machines, in one ...